Conference report: Introduction. Future and current threats to the peaceful uses of outer space. A rules-based behaviour approach toensure space security. Leveraging existing instruments to enhance space security. Developing confidence-building measures. Interactive debate on public awareness and advocacy in policy making -- Threats to the security of outer space: emerging technologies / Laurence Nardon -- The role of non-state actors in outer space security / Jeffrey Lewis -- Space weapons and proliferation / Michael Krepon with Michael Katz-Hyman -- Creating rules-based behaviour to help space-faring nations avoid conflict in space / Douglas G. Aldworth -- Addressing the outer space security issue / Pan Jusheng -- Technologies and behaviours of concern: what threatens long-ten space security and how can these threats be monitored? / Laura Grego -- Verification models for space weapons treaties: a flexible, layered approach as a negotiating tool / Richard A. Bruneau and Scott G. Lofquist-Morgan -- Space security 2006 / Sarah Estabrooks -- Leveraging the existing UN space machinery for sustainable and secure access to outer space / Gérard Brachet -- The Outer Space Treaty and enhancing space security / Joanne Irene Cabrynowiez -- The potential for outer space confidence-building measures / Phillip J. Baines -- Transparency and confidence-building measures in outer space / Anton V. Vasiliev and Alexander A. Klapovsky -- European Space Situational Awareness / Cerhard Brauer -- Confidence-building measures: preventing the great from standing in the way of the good / Theresa Hitchens.